Saturday, February 4, 2017

खोई हुई स्वर्ण नगरी का रहस्य , The Lost City Of Gold "El Dorado"



Khoyi  hui swarn nagri

Ye un dino ki baat hai jab duniya mein khazaane ki khoj zoro per thi, tab aayi ek khabar “Ek poora sheher hai  sone ki bhasmm aur heere jawahrato se bhara hua”  itna to kaafi tha khojiyo ko latin america tak khich laane ke liye, ye sheher tha “EL DORADO”,  el dorado per aaj tak anginat abhiyaan huye aur har abhiyan mei el dorado ne parat dar parat apne rahasya bhi ujagar kiye, beshak puri  tareh se rahasya hata nahi par el dorado ke rahasya per poori tareh parda gira bhi nahi hai
Kahani shuru hoti hai takreeban isaa se 1270 saal aur 800 saal pehle ki do ghatnao se, jab muiska janjanti ne columbia ke cundinamarca aur boyaca rajyo per jeet payi thi,
Prasiddh puratatv vid Juan rodriguez freyle ki kitaab “el carnero”  ke anusaar muiska kabile  mei jab bhi naya raja chuna jata tha tab ek divya anushthaan kiya jata tha, naye chune raja ko guatavita jheel per laya jata tha jaha use purn nagn kar poore sharir per sone ki bhasm se lagakar sone ki murat jaisa bana diya diya jata tha
Iske baad navchaynit raja ko kuch ek saathiyo aur bahumulya vastuo ke sath sone se he susajjit ek tareh ki naav se jheel ke beech leke jaya jata tha, aur yahaan raja apne sharir se swarn bhasm ko jheel ke paani mei dho leta, is dauran sathi naav per se bahumulya ratno aur javahraato ko jheel mei sammaan ke sath giraa dete, aisa ve surya devta ko bhent prastut karne ke liye karte the, asal mei el dorado ka matlab hota hai sone ka maanav aur ye kisi sone ki nagri ki kahani nahi thi, sone ke ek bahot bade khazane ki kahaani thi
Poore dakshin america ke junglo mei visheshkar amazor nadi ke tantra mei aaj bhi khaali chhanni se hi sona chhaana jata hai, yaha sone ke kankar ke aakar ke kann milna koi achraj ki baat nhi hai, ullekho se bhi pata chala hai ki prachin sabhyata sone ka mahatv jaanti thi aur sone ke bhandaar banati thi, isliye el dorado ki kahani pe vishwas naa karne ki koi wajeh bhi nahi thi.
El dorado ke khazane ka naksha  duniya ke liye tab tak ek rahasya thi, jab 1536 mei 900 logo ka dal lekar spanish khoji gonzalo j emenez de quesada naam ka khojkarta khoye huye khazane ke liye latin america {aaj ke columbia} mei abhiyan per nikle, unhe apna rasta khud he banana tha, latin america ke jungle, nadiyan, daldal aur maleria jaisi bimari se unke maal dhone wale kuli, yodhha samet kul 700 saathi mare gye, jab quesada ke abhiyan mei karib 200 log hi reh gye tab himmat haar ke wo wapas lautne lage, par tabhi unhe ek upjau zameen dikhi, ye chibka kabile ka gaanw tha, yahaa unhe ek bhavya surya dev ka mandir dikha, yahaa k kabile se quesada ka samna hua, kabiliayi log adhunik hathiyaro ka muqabla nahi kar sakte the, jaldi he chibka kabila haar gya, haarne ke baad quesada ko kabile ke mukhiya ne guatavita jheel ke baare mei bataya, yehi thi wo jheel jise quesada pehle din se dhund raha tha Quesada jab kabile ke guide ke sath us jheel tak pahucha to dekha ki bujhe huye jwalamukhi ke chhidrra mei bani is jheel ke aaspaas koi sona nahi hai, ye wahi jagah thi jahaan usne santa-fe-de-bogota namak sheher basaya jo vartmaan mein columbia ki rajdhani hai, teen saal dhundne ke baad quesada is jheel se kankar aur dhul ki shaqal mei 20 kilogram sona dhund paya jo ki abhiyan ki kimat se bahot he mamuli tha,quesada ka abhiyan poora ho chuka tha ab yahaan belaalzaakar aur federman ko zimmedari dekar bheja gaya, yehi 20 kg  sone ko quesada ne belaalzaakar aur federman ke dal ko bogota mei bheint ke rup mei diya aur 1539 mei wo spain laut gya, par columbia ke nirdayi jungle mei reh lena koi malumi kaam nahi tha, federman aur belaalzaakar jheel ke rahasya se parda uthane ke pehle he bimaari se dunia chhod gaye
Ek ullekh se pata chalta hai ki san 1545 mei conquistadores lazaro forte ne is jheel ko khaali karke sona nikaalne ki koshish ki thi.. unhone jheel ke kinaare tod kar aur dusre hathkande apna kar jheel ko 1 feet se zyada bhi khaali nahi khali kiya tha ki unhe jheel ke kinaro per kankar ke aakar mei sona milne laga.. iske baad to unhone jee jaan se apna poora waqt jheel ko khali karne me laga diya, 3 mahine tak lagatar jheel ko khali karne ki koshishe huyi, par apne sabse gehere sthaano per jheel kareeb 400 feet gehri thi..ye abhiyaan kabhi poora kiya hi nahi jaa sakta tha, kyuki us waqt unke paas is kaabil upkaran hi nahi the ki wo jheel ko aadha bhi khali kar paye, uper se columbia aur amazon ilaako mei poore saal hone wali baarish, jo ek baar shuru hone par shayad mahine bhar bhi nahi rukegi, jheel ke kinaare tod dene ke bawjud jheel kabhi khaali ho hi nahi ho payi.
Idhar labghag 2 dashak baad , 1560 mein quesada spain mein bhi apne abhiyan ko bhula nahi paya tha, use lagta tha EL DORADO ka khazana dhundne ke liye use hi chuna gaya hai isiliye uske jaane ke 20 saal baad bhi baar baar wahaan abhiyaan asafal ho rahe hain, isiliye ek baar fir wo khazane ki khoj pe nikla, par is baar uske paas 2800 logo ka dal tha, jisme 1300 yoddha  aur 1500 coolie the,  lekin uske durbhaagy ki usne is baar pichhli baar se bhi badi kimat chukai 3 saalo mei 1300 yodhhao mei kewal 64, 1500 kuliyo mei kewal 4 aur 1100 ghodo mei kewal 18 ghode he bach paye the, is tareh quesada ke jivan ka aakhiri abhiyaan buri tareh se tabah ho gya.
Ek anya ullekh milta hai jab 1580 mei ek bade vyapari antonio de sepulveda ne jheel ko khaali karne ki koshish ki thi, is baar bhi pichli baar ki tareh kinaaro per sona milne laga tha, bijli ka aavishkar tab tak hua na tha, itni gehri jheel ki gehrayi tak jana ya dekh pana sambhav na tha, anuman lagaya gaya ki jheel ke niche 300 million dollor jitna sona chhipa ho sakta hai. Parantu jheel ko khali kiye bina ye khazana kaise nikala jaaye, tab Spain ki sarkar se izazat lekar usne jheel ki ek diwar per daraar bana di, is se jheel ke paani ka starr kewal 15 feet niche gaya par is dauran use ande ke barabar aakar ka panna aur kayi swarn vastuye mili, achanak daraar band ho gayi aur jheel wapas se bhar gayi.
England ke sir walter raleigh ne bhi el dorado ke 2 sahsi abhiyaan kiye the, 1595 mei afwah thi ki el dorado lake parime ke nikat guyana ki ucchghaati mei he milega, sir walter ne khoyi hui nagri ki talash mei uttari golardh se seedha dakshin mei latin america ke guayana tak ki sahsik nauka yatra ki, is tareh se guyana mei pehli british colony mei bas payi,halaki sir walter ko bhi kuch sone ke kankar patthar he mil sake par wo khazana nahi mila jiski ummid unko thi, 1617 mei sir walter apne bete ke sath wapas latin america aaye, local tribe se huyi ek ladai mei sir walter ka beta mara gaya, is sadme ke sath jab sir walter wapas england gaye to local tribe se english crown ke sambandh kharab karne ke aarop aur king james ki aagyapalan nahi karne ke jurm mei walter ko faansi per latka diya gaya, is tareh el dorado ke khazane ne ek aur sahsi ka khatma kar diya,
haal he mei san 2000 mei ek khoj ke dauran santo domingo ki monastary ke niche achaank inca jaati ki gufaao ko dhunda gaya, waha per unhe koi sona to nhi mila par agle he saal 2001 mei archaeologist mario polia ko ek 1600 sadi ka naksha mila jo shayd el dorado ho sakta hai, ye kshetra peru mein mila, nakshe mei maujud jagah khojne ke dauran kafi manavnirmit kalakrutiya mili shayad kabhi sona bhi raha ho, par hazaro khojiyo dwara beete 500 varsho mei latin american jungle ko chhaan diya gaya hai, sambhav hai ki bahot bada khazana pehle he chuaraya jaa chuka ho
1965 mein guatavita jheel ko columbian govt ne sanrakshit karaar kar diya halaki el dorado ka khazana nahi mil paya par iski taraf ishaara karte aaj tak kafi chote bade sabut milte aaye hai, el dorado aaj bhi kotuhal ka vishay bana hua hai, ab guatavita jheel ya bogota he nahi poore latin america mei sone ki nagri ki khoje ki jaati hai, el dorado ne latin america ke jungle mei hazaro jaane li, fir bhi aaj tak el dorado apna rahasya dabaye huye hai, aaj khoj mei shaamil taknik kaafi parishkrut ho chuki hai, sambhav hai ki kabhi el dorado ka rahasya bhi khul jayega, iska aankhe chaundhiya dene wala khazana kisi ko mil paye, tab tak el dorado khojiyo ko sammohit karke apne pas zarur bulata rahega


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